Throughout its
history Zionist leaders have licked the boots of whatever capitalist Great
Power seemed to serve their interests. The tail does not wag the dog, and
Israel and the American ‘Zionist lobby’ do not dictate American foreign policy.
They serve it. They provided US imperialism with a convenient alibi to play the
role of ‘honest broker’ in the Middle East. They enable the feudal Arab oil
princes, whose thrones are propped up by imperialist bayonets, to claim that
the Arabs’ enemy is not imperialism as such but Israel and this supposedly all-powerful ‘Zionist lobby’, which pulls the strings in
the USA. The 1979 entry for Zionism in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia spells
this out in detail.
Zionism
The
most reactionary variety of Jewish bourgeois nationalism. Zionism became
widespread during the 20th century amongst the Jews in the capitalist
countries. Today it is a nationalistic ideology, represented by a ramified
system of organisations and a policy expressing the interests of the Jewish big
bourgeoisie, which is closely linked with the monopolistic bourgeoisie of the
imperialist states. Modern Zionism is militantly chauvinist, racist,
anti-communist and anti-Soviet.
Zionism emerged as a political trend in
the late 19th century. Its function was to distract the Jewish toiling masses
from the revolutionary struggle and to maintain bourgeois dominance over them.
To attain these aims, the Zionist ideologists advanced plans for solving the
‘Jewish question’ by creating a ‘Jew state’ with the aid of the great powers.
This idea was set forth in Der
Judenstaat (The Jews’ State; 1896), published by the Austrian journalist
Theodor Herzl, a Zionist ideologist. At the first Zionist Congress, held in
Basel in 1897, the World Zionist Organisation (WZO) was founded. It proclaimed
that the official goal of Zionism was to “create for the Jewish people a home
in Palestine secured by public law”.
The ideology of Zionism is highly
eclectic. It utilises many dogmas of Judaism but also includes theories of
bourgeois nationalism and social chauvinism, transformed by Zionist
ideologists. Zionist ideology maintains that the Jews in various countries
constitute an extraterritorial “single worldwide Jewish nation”. The Jews are a
“distinctive”, “unique” people, a people “chosen by god”. All peoples amongst
whom the Jews live are in one way or another anti-Semites. Anti-Semitism is a
“permanent” phenomenon and assimilation, or the merging of Jews with the
surrounding population, is “unnatural and sinful”. The Jews have “historical
rights” to the “lands of their Biblical ancestors” (Palestine and its adjoining
regions), where they must gather and build a “purely Jewish” and “egalitarian
state”.
Zionist ideologists seek to prove the
“unbreakable bond of Jews throughout the world” with Zionism, to which they
must subordinate their own interests, wherever they may be. The politicised
dogmas of Judaism state that the Jews are “chosen by god” and have a messianic
task to fulfil. These dogmas, and Judaism’s mythical thesis of the Jews’
“uniqueness”, are constituents of the extreme nationalism, chauvinism and
racism inherent in Zionist ideology and practice.
The ideologists of Zionism maintain that
the “Jewish question” is “eternal”, “unique” and beyond class considerations.
Zionists utilise every means to propagandise the false idea of class peace
between toiling Jews and the Jewish bourgeoisie (“all Jews are brothers”). All
forms of class struggle amongst Jews are proclaimed to be national treason. The
Zionists have always made use of demagogy and tactical manoeuvres in their
efforts to conceal the anti-popular, reactionary essence of Zionism, alleging
that Zionism is the “national liberation movement of Jews throughout the
world”.
After the state of Israel was formed in
1948 on part of Palestine’s territory by a resolution of the United Nations,
Zionism became Israel’s official ideology. Its main goals are to secure the
unconditional support of Israel by the world’s Jews, to gather the world’s Jews
in Israel and to inculcate a Zionist spirit amongst Jews in various countries.
Zionism seeks to expand Israel to the boundaries of the “Greater Land of
Israel”. To this end, Zionists evoke the thesis of “eternal anti-Semitism”, a
situation that they often deliberately instigate.
Zionism is the basis of Israel’s
government policy. Zionists have proclaimed the state of Israel to be the
homeland of all Jews, wherever they live and whatever their attitude towards
Zionism. The 28th World Zionist Congress, held in Jerusalem in 1972,
adopted, in violation of international law, a resolution on the collective
obligation of all national [Zionist and pro-Zionist] organisations to aid the
Jewish state under any circumstances and conditions, even if this means
opposing the respective authorities of the countries with a Jewish population.
Zionism’s main
policy has always been one of struggle, both open and covert, against
socialism, the international communist and national liberation movements, and
the Soviet Union and other socialist countries. Immediately after the victory
of the October Revolution of 1917 in Russia, Zionism unleashed an active
struggle against the new Soviet state. After the Second World War (1939–45),
amidst a further intensification of the overall crisis of capitalism, the
anti-communism and anti-Sovietism of international Zionism assumed still
broader dimensions. The shift in the alignment of forces in the world in favour
of socialism, the successful resolution of the national question (including the
Jewish question) in the USSR, and the Soviet Union’s consistent support of the
national liberation struggle of the Arab peoples, have given rise to
intensified anti-Soviet and anti-communist Zionist propaganda and activity.
International Zionism strives to undermine
the moral and political unity of the peoples of the socialist countries, and to
prevent citizens of Jewish nationality from participation in building socialism
and communism. Zionism seeks to subvert the relaxation of international tension
and in particular the incipient normalisation of Soviet–American relations. As
a shock detachment of imperialism, colonialism and neo-colonialism,
international Zionism opposes the national liberation movement of the peoples
of Africa, Asia and Latin America.
In the Near East, the Zionist ruling
circles of Israel conduct a policy of aggression and of continuous territorial
expansion at the expense of the Arab peoples, particularly the Arab people of
Palestine. This policy made Israel an imperialist gendarme in the Near East and
was the main cause of the Arab–Israeli military conflicts of 1948–49, 1956,
1967 and 1973. Zionism became one of imperialism’s chief allies in its global
struggle against the world liberation movement.
Zionism’s ideological concepts and political
plans are implemented by a far-flung, highly centralised system of Zionist and
pro-Zionist organisations, directed by centres in the USA and Israel. The
administrating and co-ordinating centre of international Zionism – the WZO
system – is the Jewish Agency for Israel. The Jewish Agency deals mainly with
the immigration of Jews into Israel and acts as the representative of the WZO
to the Israeli government. The World Zionist Congress is the de jure highest
body of the WZO, which is directed by a group of leaders with close ties to
certain imperialist circles in the USA. The executive committee of the WZO has
two branches, one in New York and one in Jerusalem.
The WZO directs and controls Zionist
organisations in more than 60 capitalist countries. The largest are the Women’s
International Zionist Organisation, the World Confederation of United Zionists,
the World Labour Zionist Movement, and the Zionist Organization of America. The
formally non-Zionist World Jewish Congress (founded 1936), with organisations
in 67 capitalist countries, is under the de facto control of the WZO.
Directly or indirectly affiliated with these major organisations are a
multitude of local Zionist and pro-Zionist organisations, societies and
committees, which constitute a unified system of international Zionism. The WZO
possesses large financial resources, mainly contributed by Jewish monopolists;
some funds are collected by levying substantial dues, which are sometimes
compulsory, on the Jewish population.
Many means of mass information are
controlled or influenced by Zionist organisations, including many publishing
houses and radio, television and film companies in the USA, Western Europe,
Latin America, Africa and Australia. International Zionism has always included
a variety of ideological currents, political factions and groups: Zionist
socialists, political Zionists, spiritual Zionists, religious Zionists, general
Zionists and revisionist Zionists (today’s fascist Herut Party and kindred
groups). This variety merely reflects the interests of different strata of the
Jewish bourgeoisie and does not alter but only masks Zionism’s basically
imperialist nature.
Essentially, the differences amongst the
various orientations of Zionism do not go beyond disputes over tactics and
often reflect the struggle within the Zionist elite for positions of influence.
Marxists have always repudiated the theory
and practice of Zionism. VI Lenin revealed the reactionary essence of Zionism,
emphasising that its dogmas are reactionary, false and contrary to the
interests of the Jewish proletariat. He criticised the Zionists’ theses
concerning the unique nature of the Jewish people, the alleged absence of class
differences amongst the Jews and the imaginary communality of their interests,
explaining that such assertions aimed to distract the Jewish toiling masses
from the proletariat’s common class struggle.
The international communist movement
denounces the anti-popular, reactionary character of Zionism and Zionist
activity in all countries. The document adopted by the International Conference
of Communist and Workers’ Parties in 1969 appealed for “the launching of the
broadest movement of protest … against racial and national discrimination,
Zionism, and anti-Semitism, which are incited by capitalist reactionary forces
and exploited by them to disorient the masses politically”.
A consistent struggle against Zionism is
waged in particular by the Communist Party of Israel (CPI). The CPI proves
convincingly that Zionism has always been exploited by the forces of extreme
reaction and imperialism, and that the ideology and practices of Zionism are
contrary to the interests of Jewish toilers throughout the world and the
national interests of the people of Israel. The CPI has shown that the struggle
against Zionism is a vital necessity for the people of Israel and for all
progressive forces. Denouncing the allegedly classless approach of the Zionists
to the ‘Jewish question’ the CPI proves that this question can be resolved only
with the victory of democracy and socialism, as evidenced by the experience of
the USSR and the other socialist countries. The CPI advocates the brotherhood
and friendship of the toilers of all countries, and opposes the anti-Soviet
slanderous propaganda and subversive activity of the Zionist leaders and rulers
of Israel.
As the overall crisis of capitalism
intensifies, the crisis of Zionist ideology and the untenability of all its
concepts become increasingly obvious: the overwhelming majority of Jews reject
Zionist dogmas. With rare exceptions, the Jewish population of the USSR, like
all the peoples of the Soviet Union and the world’s progressive forces,
resolutely condemns the aggressive political course of the Zionist ruling
clique of Israel. The 30th session of the United Nations General Assembly
(November 1975) classified Zionism as a form of racism and racial
discrimination.
The natural and objective process of the
assimilation of the Jews is gaining strength throughout the world. In the
Jewish communities of the countries of the West and amongst the population of
Israel there is an increasing comprehension that the Zionist policies of
Israel’s ruling circles may lead the population of Israel to a real national
catastrophe.
