Remember Hiroshima and Nagasaki

This week millions in Japan and throughout the world will pause to remember those who died in the nuclear bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki during the last days of the Second World War. On 6th August 1945 Hiroshima was destroyed by an American atom bomb. Nagasaki was hit three days later. Hundreds of thousands of people, mostly civilians, were killed instantly in the atomic blasts. Many more would later perish from flash burns and radiation sickness.
Hiroshima Day is observed on 6th August to commemorate the tragedy, honour the victims and promote global peace and nuclear disarmament. As Jeremy Corbyn says “On Hiroshima Day, we remember every single person who was killed by an indefensible act of barbarity. We mourn the human lives underneath the statistical horror of the bomb’s death toll which, together with that from the attack on Nagasaki, was more than 200,000 people. And we commemorate the hundreds of thousands of survivors — known as the hibakusha – who endured the horror of what was left behind: nuclear radiation, mass destruction and unimaginable grief”.
The claim that the atom bombs forced Japan to surrender is an enduring myth of the Second World War. The bourgeois politicians who seek to justify this monstrous war crime say that the Americans had to use the atom bomb to force Japan to surrender and bring the global conflict to an end. But Japan was already on its knees begging for an armistice.  Hitler was dead in his bunker. Japan was reeling from daily air-raids and a crippling Allied blockade. Communist-led partisans had driven the Japanese invaders out of vast tracts of China, Korea and Vietnam while the Soviet Red Army delivered the killer blow when they smashed through Japanese-occupied Manchuria in August 1945. But two Japanese cities were wiped out to show the world, and the Soviet Union in particular, what the might of US imperialism was capable of doing.
The Americans thought they had a monopoly on nuclear know-how. They thought their new nuclear weapons would give them the power to dominate the entire world. But they were wrong. Soviet scientists were also unravelling the secrets of the atom and the USSR would soon develop nukes that would more than match anything in the imperialist arsenal. 
All the veto-powers on the UN Security Council – Britain, People’s China, France, Russia and the United States have nuclear weapons. But China is the only one that pledges never to be the first to use them.
People’s China actively supports proposals for multilateral and universal nuclear disarmament. China stands for the complete prohibition and total destruction of all nuclear weapons. China, backed by many other countries, has challenged the West to implement the entire non‑proliferation treaty, which was signed in 1968 to halt nuclear arms race but also committed the signatories to work towards universal nuclear disarmament. In the meantime China calls on all the major nuclear‑weapon states to abandon their policy of nuclear deterrence.
These long‑standing demands must be projected throughout the anti-war movement in Britain. The NCP supports the efforts of the Stop the War movement, CND and other peace movements for unilateral British nuclear disarmament.
The British “deterrent” is a farce. The UK’s submarine-based Trident nuclear missile system is totally controlled by the Americans. Billions are wasted on maintaining Trident – money that could be better spent maintaining the health service and providing the education, affordable housing and decent state retirement pensions worthy of a country as rich as the United Kingdom. We must mobilise to stop the new Burnham government from spending billions more on these needless and useless nuclear weapons; scrap all British nuclear weapons and close down all US bases on our soil. 

The Age of Erdogan

by Ben Soton

From Life Itself – Turkey and Istanbul in the Age of Erdogan by Suzy Hansen, Profile Books 3036, 368pp, pbk rrp £12.99

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and his Justice and Development Party (AKP) have dominated Turkey for over twenty years.  He became Prime Minister in 2003 and has been President since 2014. This is the story of his reign. The book covers the Erdogan years mainly through  the prism of the Istanbul neighbourhood of Karagumruk and its local muktar, Ismail.  A muktar is a local fixer, whom people often come to for advice; interestingly Erdogan once referred to himself as the Muktar of Turkey.
The author covers the changes to Istanbul over this period; which include a real-estate boom that has changed the appearance of the former capital of the old Ottoman Empire.  In 2013 Erdogan faced criticism from architects over the destruction of Gezi Park with a view to turning it into a shopping mall in the style of Ottoman military barracks.  This led to protests sparked by criticism from architects; in typical far-right populist fashion Erdogan claimed to be standing up to elites.  Meanwhile the construction boom led to serious imbalances in the Turkish economy, which led to economic problems in 2018. Early in the book Hansen gives historic reasons for the success of Erdogan and the AKP. In 1955 Istanbul was rocked by sectarian riots which led to an exodus of Greeks from Istanbul and other Turkish cities. They were replaced by conservative migrants from the countryside; some of whom had a poor understanding of city life.  Ismail recalls a new arrival depositing soil on his roof with a view to planting tomatoes and water pouring into his flat below. Now these communities have established small to medium sized businesses and become keen supporters of the AKP.  
Erdogan has created an alliance between Islam and capitalism based around state-sponsored construction projects to counter the secular Kemalist establishment they defeated in 2002 and curb the growth of the Turkish left. In the 1960s the left flourished in Turkey, as in much of Europe, often amongst radicalised students. Successful movements of the left are an alliance between workers and intellectuals but this didn’t work in Turkey where much of the urban working class are descended from rural migrants.  
The author charts the changes in the nature of the AKP which in its early days favoured a form of Pan-Islamism but has now moved towards an aggressive form of Turkish nationalism with an innate hostility to the Kurds. This can be partly explained by the AKP alliance with the far-right National Movement Party (MHP) in the Turkish parliament which further concentrated power in Erdogan’s hands.
The earthquake of 2023 sent shock-waves throughout Turkish society. Many of the buildings constructed during his tenure survived but some raised the issue of the unsafe buildings that were destroyed; especially in a country prone to earthquakes. Despite this he still survives and there is even talk of changing the constitution enabling him to remain in office after 2028.         
Erdogan’s success may be down to a weak opposition who engage in politics on his terms; or simply the repressive nature of the Turkish state. Hansen, an American academic views the world from a liberal perspective; focusing on the subjective experience of individuals.  However this does not mean that her work should be dismissed or ignored.
  

Labour holds!

The Burnham boost continues on a roll in Manchester. Labour swept the board in the Greater Manchester mayoralty by-election last week. Andy Burnham’s chosen successor, Bev Craig, won the most votes. The Faragists came a poor second, followed by the Greens while the Tories and the Liberal-Democrats trailed behind with the also-rans in the poll for the post left vacant when Burnham returned to the House of Commons to get rid of Starmer and become leader of the Labour Party. 
Her victory in what, is after-all a Labour stronghold, is perhaps not surprising. Nevertheless 
 Reform and the Greens had high hopes when the race began to replace the “King of the North” on his old turf. But their dreams of a breakthrough were dashed by Bev Craig, a seasoned Labour councillor who has led Manchester City Council since December 2021.
Bev Craig was the first woman and the first openly LGBT woman to lead Manchester City Council. She’s now the first woman elected to lead the Greater Manchester Combined Authority. She’s a supporter of Mainstream Labour, a self-styled “radical realist” faction that was set up last year to reverse the party's "clear drift to the right" under Starmer and promotes a left social-democratic platform which includes taxing wealth, introducing democratic reforms and restoring part, but not all, of the British public sector that existed until the Tory come-back in 1979. 
Labour now pips Reform in the opinion polls as the Faragist leader flays around Clacton fighting to keep his seat against a man with a bin over his head while more and more voters return to the Labour fold now that Burnham appears to uphold traditional Labour values. But does he?
Yes, no, maybe. Burnham has certainly revived Labour’s fortunes. His initial pledges to build more council houses and help pensioners have helped. So has the long over-due decision to allow maverick left MP Diane Abbott back into the party. His talk about wealth taxes, rejection of neo-liberalism and criticism of Israel – a first for a modern Labour leader – are further steps forward. Some say this is small beer compared to Attlee’s sweeping post-war programme that set up the welfare state and built the public sector and the NHS or those of the later Wilson administrations that brought the unions to the centre of government. But the Burnham agenda is a bonanza compared to Starmer who did nothing for working people.
Of course Attlee, Wilson and Callaghan served British imperialism as much as Tony Blair, Gordon Brown and Sir Keir Starmer. Andy Burnham and those behind him are no different.  
Burnham’s modest reforms are, however, not just sops to win votes – they do genuinely reflect the demand for change within the broader labour movement.
Getting rid of Starmer and his henchmen was a start. Now we have to get rid of the rest.
Getting back to the 1970s – the days when unions counted and workers enjoyed the highest standard of living recorded in the UK – will only come with mass pressure from the rank-and-file – the workers, the toilers the people who make this country work. We are part of that struggle and putting the communist answer to the capitalist crisis back on the street is the task of the day...